MOST of Pioltello: proposte per la periferia di Milano

La periferia metropolitana privata multiculturale rappresenta oggi un tema di frontiera per gli studi e le politiche urbane, che mette a dura prova strumenti e approcci sperimentati negli ultimi decenni. Il Quartiere satellite di Pioltello può essere considerato caso paradigmatico di questa periferia, segnata da aspetti sociali di marginalità, da un basso livello di coesione e dallo sviluppo di conflitti, ma anche da fenomeni di degrado fisico del patrimonio abitativo e dello spazio collettivo. Selezionato nell’ambito della competizione di ricerca Polisocial Award 2017 promossa dal Politecnico di Milano come programma d’impegno e responsabilità sociale, “MOST of Pioltello. Migration Over the Satellite Town of Pioltello” si propone di definire un progetto pilota per la rigenerazione urbana della periferia metropolitana di Pioltello attraverso la sperimentazione di azioni innovative volte all’integrazione dei minori immigrati

Influence of free charge carrier density on the magnetic behavior of (Zn,Co)O thin film studied by Field Effect modulation of magnetotransport

The origin of (ferro)magnetic ordering in transition metal doped ZnO is a still open question. For applications it is fundamental to establish if it arises from magnetically ordered impurity clusters embedded into the semiconducting matrix or if it originates from ordering of magnetic ions dilute into the host lattice. In this latter case, a reciprocal effect of the magnetic exchange on the charge carriers is expected, offering many possibilities for spintronics applications. In this paper we report on the relationship between magnetic properties and free charge density investigated by using Zinc oxide based field effect transistors, in which the charge carrier density is modulated by more than 4 order of magnitude, from 10(16) to 10(20) e(-)/cm(3). The magnetotransport properties are employed to probe the magnetic status of the channel both in pure and cobalt doped zinc oxide transistors. We find that it is widely possible to control the magnetic scattering rates by field effect. We believe that this finding is a consequence of the modulation of magnetization and carrier spin polarization by the electric field. The observed effects can be explained by the change in size of bound magnetic polarons that induces a percolation magnetic ordering in the sample

Problemáticas del cambio climático en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires - aportes de las cubiertas vegetadas en la regulación térmica

197-209La urbanización se define como el crecimiento físico de las áreas urbanas. Alrededor de la mitad de la población del mundo vive en ciudades. Se espera que esta aumente al 61 por ciento para el 2030. Las ciudades, pese a su diversidad presentan características ambientales comunes en muchas partes del mundo, como por ejemplo la presencia de la Isla de Calor Urbana (ICU). La ICU evidencia el impacto del hábitat construido sobre el medio físico y el aumento de temperatura que produce. La mayoría de las emisiones de gas de efecto invernadero que contribuyen al cambio climático global, provienen de zonas urbanas. El cambio climático está afectando el clima a escala global y en las ciudades no solo modifica las condiciones del ciclo hidrológico, sino también afecta la ICU. Para Buenos Aires se está pronosticando, en el período 2020-2029, un aumento de las temperaturas promedio máximas en 0,6°C hasta más de 2°C. La ley N° 3.871, de adaptación y mitigación al cambio climático en Buenos Aires, propone medidas mínimas de adaptación. Una de ellas son las cubiertas verdes, las cuales, ayudarían principalmente a amortiguar las temperaturas extremas y la isla de calor urbano. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar si, para las condiciones climáticas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), las cubiertas vegetadas (con las características del sitio de estudio), pueden significar un aporte a la regulación de temperatura. El estudio permite afirmar, para las condiciones climáticas, período y tipo de cubierta estudiada, que las mismas pueden ser un aporte a la regulación térmica de las edificaciones

Problemáticas del cambio climático en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires - aportes de las cubiertas vegetadas en la regulación térmica

197-209La urbanización se define como el crecimiento físico de las áreas urbanas. Alrededor de la mitad de la población del mundo vive en ciudades. Se espera que esta aumente al 61 por ciento para el 2030. Las ciudades, pese a su diversidad presentan características ambientales comunes en muchas partes del mundo, como por ejemplo la presencia de la Isla de Calor Urbana (ICU). La ICU evidencia el impacto del hábitat construido sobre el medio físico y el aumento de temperatura que produce. La mayoría de las emisiones de gas de efecto invernadero que contribuyen al cambio climático global, provienen de zonas urbanas. El cambio climático está afectando el clima a escala global y en las ciudades no solo modifica las condiciones del ciclo hidrológico, sino también afecta la ICU. Para Buenos Aires se está pronosticando, en el período 2020-2029, un aumento de las temperaturas promedio máximas en 0,6°C hasta más de 2°C. La ley N° 3.871, de adaptación y mitigación al cambio climático en Buenos Aires, propone medidas mínimas de adaptación. Una de ellas son las cubiertas verdes, las cuales, ayudarían principalmente a amortiguar las temperaturas extremas y la isla de calor urbano. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar si, para las condiciones climáticas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), las cubiertas vegetadas (con las características del sitio de estudio), pueden significar un aporte a la regulación de temperatura. El estudio permite afirmar, para las condiciones climáticas, período y tipo de cubierta estudiada, que las mismas pueden ser un aporte a la regulación térmica de las edificaciones

Design, pointing control, and on-sky performance of the mid-infrared vortex coronagraph for the VLT/NEAR experiment

Vortex coronagraphs have been shown to be a promising avenue for high- contrast imaging in the close-in environment of stars at thermal infrared (IR) wavelengths. They are included in the baseline design of the mid-infrared extremely large telescope imager and spectrograph. To ensure good performance of these coronagraphs, a precise control of the centering of the star image in real time is needed. We previously developed and validated the quadrant analysis of coronagraphic images for tip-tilt sensing estimator (QACITS) pointing estimator to address this issue. While this approach is not wavelength-dependent in theory, it was never implemented for mid-IR observations, which leads to specific challenges and limitations. Here, we present the design of the mid-IR vortex coronagraph for the "new Earths in the α Cen Region (NEAR) experiment with the Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Very Large Telescope imager and spectrometer for the mid-infrared (VISIR) instrument and assess the performance of the QACITS estimator for the centering control of the star image onto the vortex coronagraph. We use simulated data and on-sky data obtained with VLT/VISIR, which was recently upgraded for observations assisted by adaptive optics in the context of the NEAR experiment. We demonstrate that the QACITS-based correction loop is able to control the centering of the star image onto the NEAR vortex coronagraph with a stability down to 0.015 λ / D rms over 4 h in good conditions. These results show that QACITS is a robust approach for precisely controlling in real time the centering of vortex coronagraphs for mid-IR observations.Peer reviewe

The role of changing geodynamics in the progressive contamination of Late Cretaceous to Late Miocene arc magmas in the southern Central Andes

The tectonic and geodynamic setting of the southern Central Andean convergent margin changed significantly between the Late Cretaceous and the Late Miocene, influencing magmatic activity and its geochemical composition. Here we investigate how these changes, which include changing slab-dip angle and convergence angles and rates, have influenced the contamination of the arc magmas with crustal material. Whole rock geochemical data for a suite of Late Cretaceous to Late Miocene arc rocks from the Pampean flat-slab segment (29–31 °S) of the southern Central Andes is presented alongside petrographic observations and high resolution age dating. In-situ U–Pb dating of magmatic zircon, combined with Ar–Ar dating of plagioclase, has led to an improved regional stratigraphy and provides an accurate temporal constraint for the geochemical data. A generally higher content of incompatible trace elements (e.g. Nb/Zr ratios from 0.019 to 0.083 and Nb/Yb from 1.5 to 16.4) is observed between the Late Cretaceous (~ 72 Ma), when the southern Central Andean margin is suggested to have been in extension, and the Miocene when the thickness of the continental crust increased and the angle of the subducting Nazca plate shallowed. Trace and rare earth element compositions obtained for the Late Cretaceous to Late Eocene arc magmatic rocks from the Principal Cordillera of Chile, combined with a lack of zircon inheritance, suggest limited assimilation of the overlying continental crust by arc magmas derived from the mantle wedge. A general increase in incompatible, fluid-mobile/immobile (e.g., Ba/Nb) and fluid-immobile/immobile (e.g., Nb/Zr) trace element ratios is attributed to the influence of the subducting slab on the melt source region and/or the influx of asthenospheric mantle. The Late Oligocene (~ 26 Ma) to Early Miocene (~ 17 Ma), and Late Miocene (~ 6 Ma) arc magmatic rocks present in the Frontal Cordillera show evidence for the bulk assimilation of the Permian–Triassic (P–T) basement, both on the basis of their trace and rare earth element compositions and the presence of P–T inherited zircon cores. Crustal reworking is also identified in the Argentinean Precordillera; Late Miocene (12–9 Ma) arc magmatic rocks display distinct trace element signatures (specifically low Th, U and REE concentrations) and contain inherited zircon cores with Proterozoic and P–T ages, suggesting the assimilation of both the P–T basement and a Grenville-aged basement. We conclude that changing geodynamics play an important role in determining the geochemical evolution of magmatic rocks at convergent margins and should be given due consideration when evaluating the petrogenesis of arc magmas.</p

HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider – Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre-of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries